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In this travel guide, you will discover everything you need to know about sustainable travel in South Africa. 

Sustainable Travel Guide: South Africa | Yugen Earthside

In this travel guide, we explore tourism in South Africa through a sustainable lens. From an in-depth look at how tourism intersects with the key sustainability pillars to what to know regarding safety and special times to visit, this guide will help you mindfully prepare for your dream trip to South Africa. We’ll wrap up with practical tips on things to do and not do, and suggest sustainable activities and package trips that already incorporate wholesome tourism that supports local communities and protects the environment.

Sustainable Travel in South Africa: Key Sustainability Pillars 

South Africa is a vibrant and multi-faceted country. Travelers may be surprised to realize the diversity of landscapes they can experience, and how drastically the terrain can change from one part of the country to the next.

You could be hiking in the mountains one day, driving through winelands the next, and relaxing on a beach along the sparkling coastline the next! Or, you can enjoy a safari on a private game reserve covering protected grasslands and open savannahs. It's this tapestry of rich natural landscapes that excites visitors – there is something for everyone here when it comes to nature and wildlife.

Adventurous tourists and history lovers are drawn to the mountains — some of the most historic on the planet. The first one that most travelers will recognize is the iconic Table Mountain, shown below. Table Mountain, in urban Cape Town, is known for its iconic flat top and was voted in as one of the New 7 Wonders of Nature in 2011. Table Mountain is popular with visitors as it can be easily accessed and enjoyed either on foot or by cable car.

Far from the bustling hub of Cape Town, the Barberton Makhonjwa Mountains in the northeast part of the country date back roughly 3.5 billion years, making them among the oldest mountain ranges on earth.

Southwest of Barberton Makhonjwa is the jagged, jaw-dropping Drakensberg Mountain, Afrikaans for ‘Dragon Mountain’. The Drakensberg is part of South Africa’s Great Escarpment, a dramatic topographical region formed by a combination of uplift and millions of years of erosion that carved steep slopes along the edge of the central plateau. Hikers can embark on trails with sweeping and breathtaking views, and visitors can also see ancient rock art left behind by the San people, dating back thousands of years. 

Winelovers will be thrilled to discover the rolling vineyards of the Cape Winelands and beyond! Route 62 is popular with road-tripping travelers, as it’s the world’s longest wine route. It winds through the country’s lush valleys, mountain ranges, and semi-arid plains. South Africa is home to over 200,000 acres of vineyards, so tasting locally produced wine at wineries themselves and in restaurants is a delight for oenophiles.

Sitting at the southern tip of the African continent, South Africa is also blessed with nearly 1,900 miles (3,000 km) of coastline, with sandy beaches covering about half of this. This gives sun-seekers plenty of options for lounging by the sea, and the unique opportunity to see where the Indian and Atlantic Oceans meet at the southernmost tip of Africa, in the coastal town of Cape Agulhas.

Every year, approximately 13,000 marine species visit South Africa’s waters, and there are 42 marine protected areas, making it a hot spot for marine biodiversity. If you want to learn about marine wildlife, observation, and conservation, you’ll be spoiled for choice. (Psst: Don’t forget to say hello to the African Penguins that bask on the shores near Cape Town!)

Inland, South Africa is well-known amongst safari enthusiasts, drawing many animal lovers to come see its iconic wildlife. South Africa is home to 100,000 known species of plants, animals, and fungi, and all game reserves throughout the country are privately owned and protected areas. There are famous areas like Kruger National Park, as well as many game reserves throughout the country. Visiting a reserve other than Kruger can help with tourism dispersal, and support other locally-owned reserves also doing great educational and conservation work. Wildlife in South Africa still faces significant challenges such as habitat loss and illegal poaching. Later in this guide, we’ll share practical tips on how to ensure your wildlife encounters remain ethical and sustainable.

Thanks to its wealth of natural resources, South Africa is home to one of the largest and most advanced economies in Africa. In recent years, it has also become the most industrialized and technologically developed country on the continent, with major sectors in mining, manufacturing, energy, finance, and services.

Tourism is another key pillar of the South African economy, and is a sector that could contribute to 10.4% of GDP by 2030. Post-COVID era, tourism rebounded and supports nearly 1.7 million jobs, as the country welcomes 8.5 million international arrivals annually.

Despite this strong economic and touristic foundation and having the largest GDP in Africa, the country continues to face challenges with unemployment (in 2025, the rate sits at 32.9%), poverty, racial and gender inequality, an ongoing HIV/AIDS epidemic, and the highest level of income inequality in the world.

While some regions thrive with economic opportunities, advanced technologies, and modern infrastructure, others do not have the same opportunities. In response, the Government of National Unity has launched various structural reforms aimed at tackling these issues.

As a traveler, you can have a wonderful trip and help tackle some of these disparities in a meaningful, human-to-human way. How? By supporting locally-owned businesses, especially those owned by Black, mixed-race, or indigenous people. This could mean choosing accommodations like this beautiful homestay in Stellenbosch, part of the Cape Winelands, owned by Lecelin (mixed-race South African) and her husband. It could also mean seeking out indigenous art exhibits and galleries, like this one in the Castle of Good Hope in Cape Town, curated by Lukretia Booysen (see images above), a warm and dynamic local South African woman. From Black-owned wines and wineries to community-based initiatives, there are many ways your trip can powerfully support the local economy.

The reality is that many businesses and tourism experiences in South Africa – from safari game reserves, to hotels, to Cape Winelands wineries, to ‘local’ restaurants – are predominantly male-owned, white-owned, and, not infrequently, foreigner-owned.

Travelers need to look much more closely to find companies run by pioneering individuals breaking the mold (think about how difficult it is to be a woman and/or a person of color in an industry mostly dominated by white men!). As tourists, it's important to be aware of the challenges South Africa faces so you can take more care when choosing your travel experiences.

South Africa is an incredibly diverse country, home to a range of ethnic groups, languages, and traditions. In fact, the country recognizes 12 official languages, including isiZulu, isiNdebele, isiXhosa, and Sesotho… and, of course, Afrikaans and English. This unique blend of cultures has earned the country the nickname ‘Rainbow Nation’, coined by the late Archbishop Desmond Tutu. 

One of the oldest indigenous groups, which has been living on South Africa’s lands for over 20,000 years, is the San tribe, also known as the Bushmen. Traditionally nomadic hunter-gatherers, the San people are also known for their ancient rock paintings, like those mentioned in the caves of the Drakensberg. Other major indigenous groups include Nguni, Sotho-Tswana, Tsonga, and Venda, each having its own unique customs, dress, music, and histories. 

Historically speaking, the Cradle of Humankind, a UNESCO World Heritage Site just outside Johannesburg, has become world famous in archaeological circles. The earliest human fossils have been discovered there, opening up years of research and discoveries on human evolution. 

South Africa’s recent sociocultural history has been marked by colonialism and apartheid. After centuries of European presence in South Africa, first from the Dutch and then the British colonizers, apartheid was enacted in the early 1900s to legally separate whites from black South Africans. In the 1960s, Nelson Mandela spearheaded the anti-apartheid movement, which eventually ended legal racial segregation in the 1990s when he was elected president. 

This sociocultural history is extremely important for travelers to be aware of when visiting South Africa - especially if you’re white/Western - as the legacy of apartheid can still be seen and felt today. One way travelers can gain a deeper understanding of this impact is by visiting a township. These impoverished towns were created to displace and segregate communities from white areas during apartheid. Nowadays, these townships are becoming tourist destinations for travelers to visit the center of these communities and learn about these cultures up close. This is an experience that should not be skipped on your visit to South Africa, but be sure to choose a tour that is run by the township itself and is hosted by a guide who lives in the township. You can further support these communities by buying local crafts such as beaded jewelry, art, or textiles. 

Sustainable Travel in South Africa: Everything Else to Know

Tourists should consult their doctor at least one month before traveling to South Africa to confirm they are up to date with all recommended vaccines. In most cases, only routine vaccines are required to visit; however, depending on the time of year or the specific regions you plan to visit, vaccines or medications may be advised, such as malaria medication. 

If you have travelled recently to any country with a high risk of yellow fever, you must present a  yellow fever vaccine upon entering South Africa. 

If medical attention is needed during your visit, private hospitals are often better equipped, and traveling with medical insurance is the easiest way to protect yourself from unexpected expenses.

South Africa is scheduled to host the G20 in November 2025, which might lead to demonstrations, disruptions, and increased police presence. For your safety, always avoid any demonstrations, protests, or large public gatherings when traveling there.

The country is widely regarded as one of the most LGBTQ+-friendly destinations in Africa, having been the first nation in the world to outlaw discrimination based on sexual orientation. Major cities such as Cape Town and Johannesburg host vibrant Pride celebrations and have an active LGBTQ+ social scene.

Crime and violence do occur, and are serious issues felt throughout the country. Petty crimes such as bag snatching and ATM fraud are common, and violent crimes, such as muggings and rape, do occur. Most incidents take place after dark in the downtown areas or isolated locations. Even in bigger cities like Cape Town, it might be advisable to take an Uber for short distances when you normally may walk, especially after dusk or if traveling alone.

More recently, there have been reports of attacks on hikers in Table Mountain and on roads to major airports. For Table Mountain, improved safety efforts are frequently underway, like aerial surveillance deployed in December 2024, and increased ground control. These efforts have reduced crime or kept it stable as visitor numbers continue to rise, but attacks may still happen. Specific safety tips hikers should keep in mind include: hiking in groups, on main routes, during popular days and times.

Travelers should remain cautious and alert, without being paranoid.

In response to safety concerns, the government has been taking action to protect locals and tourists from violent attacks with the Tourism Monitors Programme. According to the Minister of Tourism, “The key objectives of the programme include: enhancing tourism safety awareness at key tourism attractions and sites, upskilling of unemployed youth, and reducing tourist vulnerabilities.”

South Africa’s summer runs from December through to March, bringing warm, dry weather and plenty of sunshine—ideal for a beach holiday. Daytime temperatures typically range from 75°F to 85°F (24°C to 30°C). February and March are particularly special for wine lovers, as they coincide with the annual grape harvest in many wine regions.

April to September offers much cooler temperatures and a higher chance of seeing wildlife. With less rainfall, waterholes become hotspots for animals, and June to August is truly the best time to visit if wildlife spotting is at the top of your list. Expect temperatures to reach around 61°F to 77°F (16°C to 25°C) and evenings/early mornings to be chilly.

South Africa’s religious holidays align with the Christian calendar, celebrating Easter in April/May and Christmas in December. The country also hosts unique cultural and political celebrations throughout the year.

On April 27th, the country celebrates Freedom Day, which marks the end of the racial segregation and oppression of apartheid. It's a time to remember and to reflect, but it's also a time to celebrate. Families will gather, parades and parties will take over the streets, and cultural performances will be held throughout the day. 

Similarly, on September 24th, Heritage Day takes place as a moment to celebrate South Africa’s cultural diversity. Visitors can attend cultural festivals, try authentic foods, and admire traditional attire.

The braai, or barbecue, is a staple of both events as it brings people together over the love of food.

Cape Town International Jazz Festival – One of the largest jazz festivals in the world, and one of the busiest times of the year for the city, as performers and audiences visit from all around the world! The dates change each year; in 2025, it was in April, and in 2026, it will be in March.  

Hermanus Whale Festival (late September to early October) – Celebrating the return of southern right whales to the coastline, with a focus on marine conservation and eco-tourism.

Visitors should be aware that planned power cuts, also known as load-shedding, happen frequently in South Africa, caused by energy demand exceeding the available supply. This is a symptom of the country’s ongoing energy crisis and can impact business operations, mobile service, water availability, and food supply. Don’t be alarmed if this happens during your visit, and take proper precautions such as having a backup battery source for devices, extra food and water on hand, hard copies of any important information, and follow instructions from local authorities.

Sustainable Travel in South Africa: Do’s and Don’ts

Consult your doctor before traveling to determine if you require any additional vaccines or precautions. Malaria prevention may be recommended depending on your itinerary.

Pack mosquito repellent and any necessary medications.

Carry copies of important documents (such as your passport, ID, and visa) and store the originals securely in your accommodation's safe.

Keep windows and doors locked, especially at night.

Bring a dummy wallet in case of pickpocketing, and always stay aware of your surroundings.

Have extra food, water, and portable chargers on hand in case of power cuts (load-shedding).

Tap water is generally safe to drink, especially in big cities like Cape Town and Johannesburg. Be more cautious in rural areas, and if in doubt, ASK!

Prebook and prepay for taxis or Ubers to avoid being scammed.

Hire local guides and book tours with community-based operators. This not only ensures a better experience but also ensures you’re supporting the local economy.

Seek out women-owned and Black, mixed-race, and indigenous owned package tours, accommodations, exhibits, and experiences.

Tip service staff around 10–20%—this is customary and appreciated.

Conserve resources: take shorter showers, reuse towels, switch off lights and electronics when not in use, and use natural light whenever possible.

Follow park and reserve rules when on safari or hikes. Keep your distance from and never feed wildlife, stay on designated trails, and leave no trace.

Anticipate there to be legal hunting — it is a major way of life in South Africa, and is important for conservation. Do your research ahead of time to ensure your wildlife experience follows legal practices.

Learn a few South African phrases or expressions to connect with locals (“robot” = traffic light, “garage” = petrol station). Learning local phrases or greetings is always appreciated and is a meaningful way to connect with locals during your trip. Find a more complete list of expressions here!

Read up on South Africa’s history, particularly apartheid, so you can engage respectfully in conversations about the country’s history. Visiting the Apartheid Museum is also a worthwhile experience while in Cape Town. 

Listen, and show openness when discussing sensitive topics. Avoid making critical or dismissive remarks.

Leave anything valuable that you don’t truly need for your trip at home.

Don’t wear flashy jewelry, expensive watches, or display valuables in public.

Avoid walking alone at night. Don’t feel bad about taking an Uber a short distance - safety is more important.

Do not carry large amounts of cash on hand. Credit cards are often accepted, but carry some cash with you to be safe. 

Do not post or geotag your safari photos of endangered animals. Poachers can use these to track animals. Ask your safari guide which animals to be extra sensitive about (i.e., white rhinos).

Do not buy animal souvenirs such as ivory, red coral, turtle carapace (back shell), or shatoosh (wool from the rare, endangered, and undomesticated Tibetan antelope) — it is illegal. Instead, purchase locally made crafts such as beaded jewelry, ceramics, textiles, or art instead of imported goods.

Avoid canned hunting. This is where animals, specifically lions, are bred in captivity and are hunted in an enclosed park, guaranteeing a successful hunt. 

Avoid any tour that offers “walking alongside animals” or any sort of petting — these are semi-domesticated animals. Tourists will be told these are rescues; however, they are often not released and are used for canned hunting. Always do your research ahead of time.

Do not wear bright colors on safari; opt for neutral tones to blend into the environment.

Don’t assume everyone speaks English. South Africa is incredibly diverse and has 12 official languages; be mindful of this in your conversations with locals.

Food waste is seen as disrespectful. Only serve yourself as much as you need.

Sustainable Travel Activities in South Africa 

Wildlife spotting is one of the country’s top draws, with travelers flocking to renowned destinations like Kruger National Park, Madikwe Game Reserve, and Sabi Sand Game Reserve to catch a glimpse of the Big Five. The Big Five animals are: the lion, leopard, rhinoceros, elephant, and African buffalo.

Yugen Earthside’s package trips include safaris on game reserves that have been vetted by our local South African partner to be actively committed to education, preservation, and conservation of wildlife.

When you do a safari in South Africa, it is always on a private game reserve. Even Kruger, as a park, has many private game reserves within its bounds. There are a few important things to know about private reserves:

They are generally fenced, even if the fenced area is quite large.

Because they are fenced, your guides will likely generally know which animals and how many of each live on the reserve.

Private reserves are almost never Black owned or women-owned, and some are foreign-owned. Some of our packages may include foreign-owned game reserves since we prioritize the best, sustainable safari experience in terms of conservation efforts and eco-friendly lodges.

Avoid feeding wildlife or encouraging unnatural behaviors

Choose operators that prohibit off-road driving, which can damage delicate habitats.

Be patient—the key to success for any safari!

Do not geotag or post photos online of endangered species, like the white rhino!

For those looking to go deeper, consider volunteering with reputable wildlife sanctuaries to contribute directly to conservation. We partner with a cheetah sanctuary where volunteers will spend a minimum of two weeks contributing to farming activities, monitoring animals, helping with maintenance, and so much more. 

Your visit to South Africa is not complete without diving into the local dishes and famous wines. From biltong to Cape Malay curries, South Africa’s culinary scene is as diverse as its people.

The Cape Winelands region is famed for its vintage wines, while the Garden Route is known for its 300 km coastal views, dramatic landscapes, and, of course, delicious wines! 

On our Cape Winelands and South African Art Tour, we take our groups through the Cape Winelands, where guests will partake in vineyard visits, tastings, and make their own 1.5L magnum blend! To top it off, you’ll explore the adorable villages that make the Cape Winelands so special. 

Our South African Gastronomy Tour invites guests to explore the Western Cape’s food heritage through cooking classes, vineyard visits, and meals hosted by locals eager to share their traditions.

This is particularly special because many women and Black, mixed-race, and indigenous South Africans do not have restaurants in Cape Town or elsewhere. This is primarily because they can’t afford it: a leftover remnant of the damage caused by colonization and apartheid. However, that doesn’t mean an incredible food culture is just below the surface! Our tour will take you to real locals who are happy to share dishes and meals you won’t find elsewhere, which help tell the untold stories of South African cuisine and culture.

The prominent Table Mountain is a must-do for many visitors on their first time in Cape Town. This easily recognizable, flat-topped mountain offers breathtaking, 360-degree views from 1,000 meters above sea level. The 4-hour round-trip hike is moderately challenging, but rewarding; if hiking isn’t your style, a scenic cable car ride is also available.

As with any hike, remember to stick to the trail to prevent erosion, leave no trace, follow weather updates, and start early in the day to avoid mid-day heat and crowds. 
On our Women-Only Sisterhood Journey, you can explore Table Mountain alongside other Cape Town highlights, from colorful neighborhoods to African penguin colonies.

Along with world-famous safaris, South Africa is also one of the best whale-watching destinations in the world. From June to November, Southern Right Whales migrate to the warmer waters along the coast to breed. Hermanus, known as the “Whale Capital of the World”, offers incredible land-based viewing from its cliffside paths and even has a whale festival from late September to early October. Whether you’re watching from the coastline or joining a licensed operator for a closer look, whale watching here is both incredible and sustainable.

Pair your whale-watching trip with a visit to the African Penguin and Seabird Sanctuary in Gansbaai to support marine conservation.

Discover South Africa’s rich history  

The Rainbow Nation has much to show you, and we strongly recommend opting for experiences that will open your eyes to South Africa’s diverse blend of cultures.

Visiting local communities, whether the ancient San people or the Batswana, offers an authentic glimpse into the country’s heritage and helps you truly experience the unique history of South Africa.

On top of visits to local communities, our Sustainable Highlights Tour includes visits to Soweto, one of the most well-known townships in South Africa, and Robben Island, the prison that housed Nelson Mandela, providing context for the ongoing impacts of apartheid. You can also add the Apartheid museum to your itinerary to provide even more historical context during your visit. 

Whether you choose one of our package trips or plan your own trip, we hope that understanding and appreciating South Africa’s complex history will be a main takeaway for you.

South Africa as a Sustainable Travel Destination 

According to the Green Economy Coalition, South Africa's National Development Plan sets the goal of a "transition to an environmentally sustainable, climate-change resilient, low-carbon economy and just society”, which indicates major sustainable changes are still coming.

South Africa has already taken significant steps toward sustainability, and still faces major challenges. The country remains heavily reliant on fossil fuels, and with one of the highest inequality rates in the world, the benefits of tourism aren’t always evenly shared.

Beyond government action, South African organizations continue to develop their efforts in sustainability and conservation. The Wildlife & Environment Society of South Africa (WESSA) is a prime example of programs and teams in place working hard to educate and advocate to “promote biodiversity, habitat integrity, pollution reduction and sustainable use of natural resources.”

From marine conservation to sustainable agriculture and farm stays, community-based ecotourism, and township tourism, South Africa offers a diverse array of sustainable tourism experiences.

As travelers, our role is to support these efforts, not strain them. That means seeking out responsible experiences, keeping our carbon footprints low, and minimizing our contribution to South Africa's energy and water crisis. Reduce waste, support local businesses, and support conservation-focused and eco-friendly operators.

South Africa will leave an imprint on your heart. Pick a region, focus, or package tour… travel slow… enjoy the journey… and let yourself be transformed. And then come back again and again, because there is surely too much to soak in on just one visit.

This post may contain affiliate links. This means we may earn a small commission if you purchase a product from our link, at no additional cost to you. Any products on this list that we have tried were bought and not gifted or sponsored.

Your complete guide to sustainable travel in Türkiye. Learn more on how to travel responsibly and ethically in this country. 

Sustainable Travel Guide: France | Yugen Earthside

This sustainable travel guide will take a closer look at France, one of the world’s most visited countries! This article provides an overview of France’s environment, economic standing, and sociocultural background. We’ve also included suggested “do’s and don’ts” that travelers should keep in mind when sustainably visiting France. Lastly, we will go over some sustainable travel activities, beyond visiting Paris, to help travelers discover all of France’s charm.

Sustainable Travel in France: Key Sustainability Pillars

France is one of those lucky countries where you can find a little bit of everything. Whether you are looking for a thrilling alpine adventure, a laid-back countryside escape, or a picturesque beach destination, there is something for everyone. 

From the Pyrenees in the southwest to the Alps in the east you can find truly jaw-dropping mountainous landscapes. In the winter months, both mountain ranges are popular ski destinations. During snowless seasons, the mountain areas are filled with hikers, climbers, cyclers, and other active travelers. Mont Blanc, in particular, is a site to see as it is the highest mountain in Western Europe! In the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (PACA) region, you can find another natural wonder, the Gorges du Verdon, Europe’s largest canyon with dramatic limestone cliffs.

A majority of France’s land is made up of gently rolling hills and plains, with more than 100 charming medieval villages perched atop some of the steeper hills. Roughly 50% of France’s landmass is agricultural, arable land. Being the largest country in Western Europe coupled with its vast amount of farmland, France has become the agricultural epicenter of Europe. This stunning countryside includes the lavender fields of Provence, the apple orchards of Normandy, and vineyards from Burgundy to Bordeaux to the Loire Valley. Together, this tapestry creates the perfect backdrop to walking and cycling tours throughout the country and lends itself to spectacular regional gastronomy and wine.


France is equally known for its picturesque coastal towns. Along the Mediterranean Sea in the south awaits the sparkling Côte d’Azur. To the southwest and west, the Atlantic coast is dotted with oyster farms, salt flats, and dramatic sand dunes. To the north is the English Channel, boasting historical beaches, the iconic Mont St. Michel abbey, and the limestone cliffs of Etretat. Tourists far and wide travel to experience the variety of France’s beaches and nearby sites. 

Overall, France is gifted with some of the most beautiful environmental landscapes in Europe. There is so much to see, admire, and protect.

France is one of the leading countries in the world in the tourism sector. In 2023, Paris alone welcomed 21.6 million tourists, still low compared to pre-Covid times, and France's tourism industry brought in 63 billion euros in international revenue which means France is finally returning to pre-pandemic levels. Leading up to Covid-19, France was welcoming 90 million international tourists annually, accounting for 8% of the country’s GDP! 

In general, we recommend that travelers visit more of France than just Paris and try to visit during off-peak times. This can help with tourism dispersal, or spreading out where the flow of tourists and their tourism dollars are going. Visiting other regions and planning a trip outside of high season can help support local economies throughout the country in a significant way. It also helps combat overtourism, which happens when a high influx of visitors overwhelms the capacity and resources of a certain area.

For Paris and many beach towns, try traveling outside of July and August if your schedule allows. For the mountains, try visiting outside of January through March (yes - this means there might not be snow, but there are many other great things you can do!). 

The Economic Impact of the Olympic Games on France’s Tourism

France’s tourism figure is expected to increase in 2024 thanks to the upcoming Olympic Games. (So much so, that many Parisian residents are looking to stay away from the city during this period!) Economically speaking, France expects to make a $5-10 billion profit from the Games.

Staying outside of Paris is a great way tourists can help support local economies during this time. You can help by staying in locally owned hotels and visiting local shops and markets. This will not only bring support to businesses outside of Paris but will also help alleviate some of the stress and strain this massive influx of tourists will cause on the city. 

France’s culture is world-renowned for mouthwatering delicacies, iconic artworks, and top-tier fashion. But, beyond the surface, the local cultures throughout France’s regions have some important differences. Each region has its own unique history, practices, and traditions.

On a regional level, you may notice a stark difference between cities and rural areas. For example, in the northern regions of France, there is lingering Flemish influence where you will hear and see a different dialect, called Ch’ti. In the eastern French region of Alsace, which shares a border with Germany, the culture, language, and even architecture have a very different feel. The same is true with the Basque Country near the Spanish border and the Alpine regions of France on the border of Switzerland. There are many instances across France where dialects, regional dishes, and cultural practices vary, making every region of France exciting to explore!

Generally, the French value politesse, and proper etiquette is very important to them. There are many social conventions that tourists should respect when visiting such as:

Saying ‘bonjour’ when you enter a shop

Making eye contact and doing a “cheers” before taking the first sip of your drink 

You can find more dos and don’ts when visiting France below!

The main health preparations travelers need to make before visiting France is to ensure that their routine vaccinations are complete. If you need medical attention while visiting France, you can speak with a pharmacist for less urgent matters or call 112 for emergencies. 

Typically, hospitals in France will require a copy of your medical insurance and a deposit. It is advised that tourists look into medical care to cover themselves during their travels.

Due to threats of terrorism, France is listed on several travel advisories as a level 2 country, meaning that travelers should exercise increased caution. Travelers should keep an ID with them at all times, stay up to date with threat announcements, and remain alert in crowded places. 


The other main safety concerns in France are related to petty crime, which typically increases during the summer months when tourism peaks. Pickpocketing and other forms of theft are common, especially on public transport and around tourist attractions.

4 Safety Tips for Protecting Your Valuables in France

Don’t have your phone out while standing near the metro doors (thieves can grab your phone and hop out of the metro before the doors close).

Use crossbody bags or shoulder bags that zip shut instead of backpacks.

Put your bags in front of you when on the metro, don’t leave them behind you.

Bring a small travel lock to clip your bag to your chair or table (if possible).

Brush up on French driving rules as they’re a little bit different from US road rules.

Drive the speed limit (in kilometers!) and know that speed cameras are installed along the highways.

Don’t leave valuables in your car if you can help it.

Use secure parking facilities if possible.

Travelers should also be mindful that strikes, protests, and demonstrations are commonplace in France. If you see any of these, steer clear of the area. Although they don’t always cause safety concerns, they can disrupt travel in France. This may result in delayed or canceled trains and other transportation methods.

Additionally, while you don’t need to be scared, we advise avoiding areas near train stations at night, walking with a buddy system, and staying in well-lit areas.

France is considered to be one of the most LGBTQ+ friendly countries in the world. Major cities such as Paris, Nice, and Marseille have very active LGBTQ+ scenes and host many events including Pride parades and film festivals. 

As the largest country in Western Europe and with such varied geography, France experiences several climates. The southern coast is typically warmer, the mountainous regions are cooler, and the northern coast is typically more wet. Generally speaking, France has four seasons:

The winter season runs from December to February and is considered to be less populated by tourists. The Alpine regions are the main exception as the French Alps and Pyrenees are world-renowned ski destinations. 

Spring lasts from March to May and is considered shoulder season. The weather starts to warm, flowers begin to bloom, and life starts to come back to most regions. For more information about visiting France in Spring, check out our Best Sustainable Package Trips in Spring article! 

The summer season from June to August is the peak tourist season. The weather is hot, except for the coastal regions with more temperate climates, making France’s beaches popular escapes. You might also experience a summer thunderstorm or two! Travelers should be aware that during the month of August, and especially in Paris, many businesses will close for the summer holidays. 

Visiting in the fall from September to November is a great choice if you would like to avoid the crowds while still enjoying the pleasant temperatures and weather. September often feels like an extended summer month and it’s not until mid-October that the clouds and drizzle usually return.

France celebrates a variety of Christian holidays - certainly more than Americans do. Travelers should be aware of closures on days such as Easter and Christmas, and check the French holiday calendar before visiting just to be safe.

Children are on school holiday for roughly two weeks in October, December, February, and April. During these times you’ll notice prices will spike as families will often be traveling together. 

There are many exciting holidays and festivals to experience in France. France celebrates its national day (Fête Nationale), also known as Bastille Day, on July 14th. The Fête Nationale celebrates the storming of the Bastille which is seen as one of the key events in French history that united the people of France. Many businesses will be closed, but you will find fireworks displays, parades, and other fun activities across the country!

Two other festivals are particularly a joy to experience. The Fête de la Musique takes place each year on the Summer Solstice (June 21st) and celebrates with music, music, and more music! The streets around France are filled with musicians, and every open space is turned into a concert hall. Many events, shows, and performances take place all across the country making it a really exciting time to visit! 

Last but not least, at the end of February, many French cities will celebrate Carnival or Mardi Gras. The most well-known celebrations are in Nice and Dunnkirk. This colorful celebration lasts for two weeks and you will find people wearing masks, costumes, and extravagant parades. This is a great reason to visit France during its off-peak season!

Sustainable Travel in France: Do’s and Don’ts

Greet everyone by saying ‘bonjour’. If you know someone well, they might kiss you on both cheeks - this is called ‘la bise’ (short for ‘bisou’, or ‘kiss’). 

Brush up on some basic French phrases. Even though it is common for most French people to know basic English, a little French goes a long way! 

Ask for the bill (politely). In France, they won’t try to rush people out, which includes not proactively bringing you the bill. You may even have to stand up and go to the front of the restaurant to pay.

Bring a reusable water bottle and enjoy the many free water fountains around the country.

Bring a reusable bag to use when visiting local markets, where you can buy fresh, local produce.

Travel during the off-season and visit places in France outside of the major cities and tourist hubs.

Stay in locally owned, boutique hotels rather than large hotel chains. 

Have a low-carbon-impact adventure outdoors and enjoy hiking, walking, biking, and other nature-based excursions.

Stay on designated trails. This is becoming a problem in France and all travelers should respect the trails.

Do not speak loudly in public spaces; it is considered rude. 

Do not expect all businesses to be open all the time (or even for the Google Hours listed to be correct). Businesses will most likely close on Sundays, and many businesses also close at least one other day every week (typically Monday or Tuesday). Most businesses also close mid-day for a 2-hour lunch break. Your experience in France is not complete until you show up somewhere with a handwritten sign indicating an “exceptional closure”.

Do not travel by plane within France. Instead, rely on the vast train network. Remember that strikes are common so account for some flexibility in your schedule. 

Do not expect to eat dinner before 7 pm. Restaurants usually have their lunch seating from 12-2 pm and dinner seating from 7-10 pm. 

Do not use the casual ‘tu’ form when speaking French, and use the formal ‘vous’ form instead. For example, to say “please”, say “s’il vous plait” instead of saying “s’il te plait”.

Do not expect to eat a big breakfast. Usually, breakfast is a small meal consisting of a warm drink and a pastry. Lunch and dinner are the larger meals in France. 

Do not worry about tipping; it is not required in France. If you really want to thank your waiter for exceptional service, you can leave a few euros and it will be appreciated.

See our Safety tips above for more tips on do’s and don’ts - especially related to protecting your valuables and driving in France.

7 Sustainable Travel Activities in France

We can’t talk about visiting France without talking about its gastronomy – the intersection of food and culture - and wine!

You really can’t go wrong with any French meal; it is one of the most popular cuisines in the world. Supporting local wineries, trying the myriad regional dishes, and sampling organic produce are great ways to support farms, vineyards, and restaurants during your trip to France.

The first regions that come to mind for wine might be Bordeaux, Champagne, and Burgundy. Yugen Earthside offers several unique trips exploring the food and wine scene in the Alps and Provence. Our guided Gourmet Walking Holiday in the French Alps is perfect for foodies who love hiking in all types of landscapes. Our Hiking in the Wine Trails of Provence is complete with stops in vineyards, stays in picturesque villages, and hikes along the Rhone Valley. You can learn more about both trips here! 

Normandy houses one of France’s most visited tourist attractions - the Mont St. Michel Abbey - yet it is still a very underrated region, especially for lovers of history. As most travelers will rush from Paris to Mont St. Michel as a day trip, this doesn’t leave time to appreciate the rest of this wonderful region’s gems.

From the natural limestone cliffs of Étretat to the historic D-Day beaches, there is so much more to see in Normandy beyond the beautiful Mont St. Michel. Art lovers can peruse Monet’s gardens in Giverny (a day trip away from Paris), history buffs can explore William the Conquers’s story around Bayeux and Caen, and foodies can tour local apple orchards and cider farms. Needless to say, Normandy is perfect for slow travelers who prefer a more mindful, immersive trip.

There are many hikes and trails throughout France that you can explore independently. These are not only low-impact on the environment, but they also allow you to see parts of France that not all people, cars, or trains go to.

The perfect example of this is Corsica, which has one of the most well-known multiday treks in the world; the GR20. On this hike, visitors will be able to cross the island from North to South over a network of trails spanning 200 km. This adventure has excited many thrill seekers over the years and has gained the reputation as being one of the top trails in the world. 

Booking a multi-day walking or hiking tour package is a great way to discover the less-touristy side of the French Riviera. You can still be near the beaches while experiencing the charm of the region’s less crowded villages.  

Even though the French Riviera is a well-known tourist destination for its beaches, there are other ways to visit while limiting your carbon footprint in these popular areas. For starters, there are many hikes and trails you can explore that are not only low-impact but also allow you to step away from the crowded cities and experience the more charming side of the South of France. 


For instance, you can find a great balance of mountain paths and coastal trails in our self-guided Hiking from Hilltop Villages to the French Riviera tour. On this tour, you’ll have the chance to visit some of the iconic destinations in the Riviera such as Menton, Eze,  Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat, and Villefranche sur Mer while pairing it with local stays, gorgeous views, and hidden gems. 


You can have a similar experience exploring another popular region on our sustainable self-guided tour Hiking in the Luberon National Park. Here, you’ll have the chance to see the south of France inset from the famous coastline. You can slow travel through 1000-year-old villages, visit the famed local markets of Provence, and take in the scenic views of the Alps and the Mediterranean Sea from a distance.

There are many ways travelers can explore France with minimal impact on the environment. One of the increasingly popular ways is by bike. Many cycle trails and routes can be found across France, whether you are looking for a leisurely tour or a more adventurous outing! In fact, France now has over 26,000 km of cycle routes and is the second most popular destination for cycle tourism!

One of the most beautiful regions to explore by bike is the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (PACA). The ViaRhôna is the most well-known route and one that truly cannot be missed. Our E-Bike Guided Cycling Tour allows visitors to explore this route while prioritizing off-the-beaten-path trails. While being guided by a local expert during the day, travelers will also have the evenings to unwind and enjoy the local villages of Gap and Sisteron. 


Another region worth mentioning is the Loire Valley. Cycling through the Loire Valley will take you to the charming center of France and around some of the country’s most beautiful chateaux (castles). Following the Loire River, your low-carbon impact tour will also allow you to support local communities as you visit smaller towns and villages.

You can use the France Vélo Tourisme to help select the route that's right for you. Find a complete list of bike routes in France here! You can also refer to the France Government’s Road Safety website for tips on traveling around France by bike. 

France’s train network has made taking internal flights redundant! Whether you want to castle hop in the Loire Valley or beach hop in the Côte d’Azur - this can all be done by train. France is actively encouraging this switch to train travel by making train journeys more reliable and affordable. 


If you need help adapting your itinerary to be flight-free, our affiliate partner Byway offers customizable trip options that rely only on trains, buses, and ferries. Not only that, but they work to prioritize local businesses that both use a sustainable approach but feature off-the-beaten-path destinations. You can learn more about Byway here! 

France has the largest ski area in the world with over 300 ski resorts across the country! Most tourists will want to visit the French Alps, home to some of Europe’s highest mountains and some of the most iconic ski destinations including Chamonix, Val d'Isere, and Courchevel. 

For a less crowded experience, we encourage you to explore the Pyrenees. This mountain range is often overlooked but offers a great variety of skiable terrain at a more affordable price. This is also where you will find many local French people escaping for their ski holiday as the Alps tend to be overrun by tourists. 

7. Try a traditional climbing experience 

If you’re looking to experience the magic of the French Alps without snow, and are feeling up for an adventure, you should consider a traditional climbing experience known as Via Ferrata (literally, the “Iron Path”). This type of alpine climbing relies on steel infrastructure that is securely integrated into rock faces. This assists climbers through the experience allowing them to rely on ladders, railings, and cables, amongst other things. 

Travelers should work with local guides on these experiences for their safety and to protect the natural environment. You should look for companies that keep in mind cliff-nesting birds and other animals. You should also bring a reusable water bottle and make lunches with minimal plastic waste. 

France is committed to reducing its carbon footprint. Eight French cities (Lyon, Marseille, Paris, Strasbourg, Toulouse, Nantes, Nice, Bordeaux) are collaborating to “take collective action to make France a destination for responsible tourism and events,” as reported by Forbes. Paris aims to be Europe’s greenest city by 2030.

With tourism integral to France’s identity, more and more actions have been implemented to help make France a sustainable destination for tourists.

France is becoming one of the leading destinations in cycle tourism and other forms of slow travel.

Initiatives such as “Flocon Vert” have been put in place to protect mountain tourist destinations. The Flocon Vert label is given to mountain resorts who meet specific sustainable criteria such as using renewable energy sources. 

France recently banned short-haul domestic flights to encourage train travel.

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